DR Class V 22 / V 23 - Diesel loco for light shunting service
The diesel locomotive DR Class V 22 is a performance-enhanced version of the V 15 and was developed by the Deutschen Reichsbahn. The DR Class V 22 series was later classified as the V 23 series. In the early fifties, small locomotives of power class II (Kö II, Köf II and N 4) were newly built to cover the lack of locomotives caused by the war. A light shunting locomotive with an output of 110 – 132 kW (150 – 180 HP) was also included in the Deutsche Reichsbahn’s catalogue of subsidies.
These locomotives were intended to replace the old small locomotives and steam locomotives used until then in stations on the way. In 1956, LKM Babelsberg presented the new 75 kW (100 HP) locomotive with mechanical power transmission, high and closed driver’s cab. The small locomotive was given the designation V 10B and had wheelsets with a diameter of 900 millimetres. It was intended for operation on works and branch lines. However, the locomotive did not correspond to the DR’s ideas and still demanded modifications to these machines.
| Hersteller: | LKM Babelsberg |
| Gesamtlänge: | 6940 mm |
| Nummerierung: | DR: V 15 1001–1020 2001–2102 2200–2349 V 23 001–080 DR 101 004...016 101 101...349 102 001–080 101 501...702 (Umbau) DB: 311 004...016 311 101...349 312 001...080 311 501...702 |
| Gewicht: | 20.0 - 24.0 t |
| Baujahre: | 1958–1964, 1968–1971 |
| Höchst- geschwindigkeit: | V 15: 35 km/h, V 23: 42 km/h |
| Ausmusterung: | ab 1992 |
| Brennstoff- vorrat: | 350 l, 400 l Diesel |
| Motorentyp: | MWJ 6 KVD 18 SRW ER 6 VD 18/15-1 SRW |
| Anzahl: | n.A. |
| Leistung: | 110–162 kW 150–220 PS |
| Leistungs- übertragung: | dieselhydraulisch |
| Bremse: | K- GP m. Z. |
| Achsformel: | B |
| Wissenswertes |
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| Die Diesellok BR V 22 wurde die Achsformel B angewendet. Bei der Achsformel B kommen zwei im Hauptrahmen angetriebene Achsen zum Einsatz. Mehr Wissenswertes |
The emergence of the Class V 22 / V 23
In 1966, the LKM Babelsberg developed a locomotive with the factory designation V 22 B, which was based on the basic design of the predecessor model. The machines were equipped with a more powerful transmission and a completely redesigned 162 kW (220 hp) modular engine. From 1967, the new locomotives were delivered to the works and connecting railways. In 1968, the first locomotive of the new design, designated V 23 001, was put into service by the DR. By 1970, a further 79 locomotives had been procured. However, the DR did not procure any more diesel locomotives of this type, as from 1970 the newly developed class 102.1 was produced and added to the stock.
More were still being built until 1976. On the less powerful V 15s, the closed diesel engines were replaced by the 220 hp unit in the course of the rebuilding programme from 1975. In addition, an improved GSU 20/4.2 two-converter flow transmission was installed. The conversions were carried out at the RAW Halle/Saale. The modified locomotives were classified as sub-series V 23.0 and thus as 101.5-7. The numbering was done here according to the order of the conversion.
Technical features of the DR Class V 22 series
» welded sheet metal frame made of 20 mm thick sheets
» frame plate with openings for diesel engine and transmission
» reinforced head section with normal UIC pulling and pushing device
» the vehicle frame is supported on the two wheel sets by leaf springs and spring clamping screws
» in the stem are: radiator, diesel engine, air compressor, fuel tank, sandboxes and exhaust silencer
» the air tanks are installed on the right and left
» the battery boxes are located behind the front manoeuvring steps
» BR 102.0 is equipped with an oil-heated preheater (box on the left under the driver’s cab)
» engine of the first series: 6 KVD 18 SRW (110 kW) up to V 15 1020
» from 1960 increased output with 132 kW and two-stage regulator
» engine used from 1966: 6 VD 18/15-1 SRW 1 (19-litre six-cylinder in-line engine without supercharging) 220 hp (162 kW),
at 1510/min with 150 mm bore and 180 mm stroke and a feed regulator
» torsionally flexible coupling with short cardan shaft for driving the fluid drive GSR 12/3.7 (converter and two couplings)
» later two-conversion gearbox GSU 20/4.5 with start-up converter (16 km/h) and marsh converter (for 16 – 40 km/h) installed,
Switchover is automatic, depending on travel speed
» the reversing gear drives the blind shaft directly, transmits the torque via coupling rods to the two wheel sets
» the engine is directly connected to the radiator fan, the air compressor and the alternator via a belt drive
» an automatic single-chamber Knorr-type air brake and a non-automatic, direct-acting additional brake with additional brake valves are installed
the wheelsets are braked on one side from the front, the mechanical handbrake acts on the linkage of the air brake
» the electronics: 24-volt electrical system (supplied by direct current generator and lead accumulators)
» the diesel engines are started electrically with a 15 HP starter
» further equipment: safety controller and shunting radio
A special feature of the V 23 series was the electro-pneumatic multiple control. This allowed two locomotive pins to be electrically coupled and controlled from one driver’s cab. The transmission of switching and driving commands was electric, the actuation of the units pneumatic. Furthermore, the machines had a main air tank line and automatic monitoring of the diesel engines.
Applications of the DR Class V 22 diesel locomotive
The locomotives were used on the entire route network of the Deuschen Reichsbahn. The locomotives were used especially in light shunting service and in small stations on the way, as well as in track and maintenance operations. Most of the locomotives of this type were delivered to works and connecting railways. Maintenance work was carried out in the Halle/Saale RAW and in the home stations. A further maintenance operation was located in Tharandt. Here, mainly works locomotives were refurbished.
From 1992, the V 23 were classified as class 311. The DB class 102 was redesignated as class 312. The 311.0 are pre-series machines with 110 kW. The 24 311.1 had an output of 132 kW and the machines of class 311.5 had an output of 162 kW. The 312 series (over 200 locomotives) were much more modern and differed significantly from the 311 series.
Many of the locomotives were meanwhile taken out of service, scrapped or sold to other operators. Other locomotives were preserved as equipment or railway service locomotives. A relatively large number of the locomotives can be found at works railways, railway clubs or railway museums. Since June 2017, a DR Class V 22 has adorned the roundabout at the entrance to the PIKO Spielwaren GmbH factory premises.